| Quercus rubra | |
| Author | L. 1753 |
| Synonyms | ambigua Michx.1812, not Bonpl. 1809 borealis Michx.f.1817 borealis var. maxima (Marsh.) Sarg. 1916 coccinea var. ambigua (Michx.) A.Gray 1867 maxima (Marshall) Ashe 1916 rubra var. maxima Marshall 1785 rubra var. ambigua (Michx.) Fernald in A.Gray 1909 |
| Local names | northern
red oak ; |
| Range | SE Canada; Eastern
USA; 0-1800 m; introduced in Europe in 1724; |
| Growth habit | 25-30 m (smaller
in cultivation); stout trunk; branches often low on the trunk; |
| Leaves | 10-20 x 7-12
cm; oblong; apex pointed; base broadly cuneate; margin with each side
3-5 lobulate, bristle-tipped lobes and shallow sinuses; dark lustrous
green, hairless above (except when young, with uniseriate and solitary
hairs on veins, and scattered rosulate ones); pale dull green beneath,
with some axillary tufts of brown stipitate fascicled hairs; red at fall;
petiole hairless, 2.5-5 cm, dotted with red; |
| Flowers | spring; male
catkins slender, 5-8 cm long; |
| Fruits | acorn 1.5-2.8 cm long; ovoid or subglobose; singly or paired; cup shallow, at the base of the nut; with rusty brown rounded scales; maturing in 2 years; |
|
Bark, twigs and |
bark
silvery grey or dark grey, with broad ridges, shiny, narrowly fissured;
twigs thick, red brown, hairless; buds red brown, ellipsoid, 4-7 mm long,
hairless or nearly so; |
| Hardiness zone, habitat | hardy;
prefers lime-free soils, even sandy or rocky ones; fast growing; living
up to 200 years; |
| Miscellaneous | --
A. Camus : n° 425; -- Sub-genus Quercus, section Lobatae, Series Coccineae; -- Closely related to Q.coccinea, but branches of rubra are stouter and horizontal, leaves have shallower sinuses; -- Hybridizes with Q.coccinea (= x benderi), Q.ilicifolia (= x fernaldii), Q.imbricaria (= x runcinata), Q.palustris (= x richteri), Q.phellos (= x heterophylla), Q.shumardii (= x riparia), Q.velutina (= x hawkinsiae) ; |
| Subspecies and varieties |
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| Pictures |
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